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Using Islam as Political Ideology: Turkey in Historical Perspective

Bogaziçi University

Questioning the classical secularization thesis, this article addresses the use of Islam as political ideology in Turkey and attempts to identify the historical conditions under which this role has varied. More generally, assessing the internal tensions of post-colonial nationalism, the article places the recent popularity of religious politics within the context of challenges raised against the global project of modernization. The article argues that while 19th-century Islamism in Turkey was a prelude to the project of westernization, present-day Islamism is a manifestation of the predicament of this project.

Key Words: Kemalism • nationalism • Ottoman Empire • political Islam • postmodernism • secularization • Turkey • westernization

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